As children grow up, it is the hope of their parents that they grow into fine adults both physically as well as mentally. Unfortunately, this is not always the case. There are a number of individuals with intellectual disabilities within the general population of Portsmouth, PA who need to be understood and treated specially. While the condition is present in both children and adults it is usually identified during the early childhood years.
This disability was and is still known in many areas as mental retardation. It may occur in isolation or in combination with physical disorders. Combinations are frequently seen in the case of conditions such as Down syndrome and the Foeatal alcohol system. The predisposing factors are numerous and are classified as social, biomedical, behavioural and educational. Infections that occur in pregnancy and in the perinatal period are particularly notorious.
Perhaps the biggest challenge that is faced by affected persons is the inability to learn things fast. This may be frustrating to an instructor especially in a school setting. When instructing this group of children, therefore, it is important that one is patient enough. If possible, the affected children should be taught in special schools where teachers are trained to handle them appropriately.
While some of the cases are obvious from the onset, there are many others that have rather subtle features. It is important that the affected child is reviewed by a psychiatrist for a proper diagnosis to be made. There are three main things that must be present for a proper diagnosis to be made: an onset at an age of less than 18, accompanying intellectual limitations and the presence of compromised adaptive behaviour.
Adaptive behaviour has three main components. These are conceptual skills, practical skills and social skills. The conceptual skills are those that are related to money, number concepts, language and literacy and self direction. Social skills are useful in the creation and maintenance of interpersonal skills. Practical skills are useful for virtually all the activities we do on a daily basis. These include personal grooming, eating, and playing. The extent of limitation varies among affected persons.
The different classifications used for groups of individuals affected help in creating appropriate management options. When assessing a child for the condition it is important to consider the immediate surroundings. The community in which a child grows up has a big influence on what kind of adult they will grow into. The child can only be said to have a limitation when compared to their immediate community and not any other.
Research has shown that there is room for prevention of this condition albeit to a small extent. The general approach is to target the main causes or risk factors. For instance, couples who intend to get married should undergo genetic counselling particularly in cases where there is a positive family history. Robust social support systems help in the reduction of incidences.
Intellectual disability is said to be the most common form of developmental disabilities all over the world. The limitation presents a huge challenge to both the affected children and their parents. When timely intervention is instituted, the affected persons can be trained to lead near normal lives. It should be noted that this condition is not a disease or a mental illness.
This disability was and is still known in many areas as mental retardation. It may occur in isolation or in combination with physical disorders. Combinations are frequently seen in the case of conditions such as Down syndrome and the Foeatal alcohol system. The predisposing factors are numerous and are classified as social, biomedical, behavioural and educational. Infections that occur in pregnancy and in the perinatal period are particularly notorious.
Perhaps the biggest challenge that is faced by affected persons is the inability to learn things fast. This may be frustrating to an instructor especially in a school setting. When instructing this group of children, therefore, it is important that one is patient enough. If possible, the affected children should be taught in special schools where teachers are trained to handle them appropriately.
While some of the cases are obvious from the onset, there are many others that have rather subtle features. It is important that the affected child is reviewed by a psychiatrist for a proper diagnosis to be made. There are three main things that must be present for a proper diagnosis to be made: an onset at an age of less than 18, accompanying intellectual limitations and the presence of compromised adaptive behaviour.
Adaptive behaviour has three main components. These are conceptual skills, practical skills and social skills. The conceptual skills are those that are related to money, number concepts, language and literacy and self direction. Social skills are useful in the creation and maintenance of interpersonal skills. Practical skills are useful for virtually all the activities we do on a daily basis. These include personal grooming, eating, and playing. The extent of limitation varies among affected persons.
The different classifications used for groups of individuals affected help in creating appropriate management options. When assessing a child for the condition it is important to consider the immediate surroundings. The community in which a child grows up has a big influence on what kind of adult they will grow into. The child can only be said to have a limitation when compared to their immediate community and not any other.
Research has shown that there is room for prevention of this condition albeit to a small extent. The general approach is to target the main causes or risk factors. For instance, couples who intend to get married should undergo genetic counselling particularly in cases where there is a positive family history. Robust social support systems help in the reduction of incidences.
Intellectual disability is said to be the most common form of developmental disabilities all over the world. The limitation presents a huge challenge to both the affected children and their parents. When timely intervention is instituted, the affected persons can be trained to lead near normal lives. It should be noted that this condition is not a disease or a mental illness.
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