The popular view of dependence evolves around advanced science or regulations. Until the 1960s, the drug is almost considered a trivial problem. In 1970s, the problematic use (including illicit drugs) explodes in West to become a public health problem while at same time sets up international regulation (drug addiction intervention Lafayette CA). The addict at time was so often seen as a patient, a victim of consumption, forced into crime and whose only salvation was in abstinence. It often gives off a negative and dangerous image and transgression.
In addition to actual drugs like opioids, barbiturates with multiple category includes therefore also intoxicating substances such as amphetamines, cocaine and cannabis. In everyday language used drugs often any use of other intoxicating substance other than alcohol. In medical sense used the concept of morbid craving for consumption of intoxicants.
Until the early nineteenth century, some toxic chemicals remained confined to traditional or medical uses but in this century, mainly because of scientific advances (isolation of active ingredients of coca, opium, heroin invention some products are beginning to be consumed in a hedonistic pleasure-seeking purpose generally in artistic or scientific circles but also in popular media (opium derivatives for British workers in particular). This practice had already been observed in eighteenth century China with opium which caused the opium Wars.
In 1950s, the decline of a century of research and developments in psychology differentiate physical dependence (previously treated as only one visible manifestation of problem) and psychological dependence (implicated in relapse despite withdrawal). This distinction is sometimes difficult to establish clinically.
A medical comparison of dependence potential and the possibility of physical harm through the use of dissimilar drugs are shown to right. Use, distribution or storage of a large number of drugs are banned in most countries, and using those substances risk being prosecuted by the authorities. If users must obtain drugs illegally, the economic consequences of regular use be significant.
In psychiatry, according to old formulations (late nineteenth century), substance abuse disorder testify deep personality derived from original defects often associated with other perversions8. Pedagogical assumptions are based on educational factors. Thus, a "deficiency syndrome authority" is the cause of psychological disorders including a deep insecurity that would immaturity.
From the 1990s, the phenomenon of poly exploding, especially in Western countries as globalization linked to drug trafficking spreads the drug problem in initially producing countries. There is a concept of socio-cultural tolerance, that in a country where a substance is produced and therefore usually eaten traditionally, a state of relative equilibrium is established between this substance and users. This product is embedded in a social ritual, religious or mystical.
Numerous global authors agree more to that drug abuse and alcoholism are the consequences of bipolar disorder, not disease by, explaining that many addicts are found to respond positively to criteria bipolar disorder and numerous bipolar recount abuse or alcohol). Other authors emphasize the fact that in majority of drug users, there are bipolar symptoms before the first consumption of drugs and alcohol. This diagnostic hypothesis could explain difficulty of adherence and relapse despite constant cures.
In addition to actual drugs like opioids, barbiturates with multiple category includes therefore also intoxicating substances such as amphetamines, cocaine and cannabis. In everyday language used drugs often any use of other intoxicating substance other than alcohol. In medical sense used the concept of morbid craving for consumption of intoxicants.
Until the early nineteenth century, some toxic chemicals remained confined to traditional or medical uses but in this century, mainly because of scientific advances (isolation of active ingredients of coca, opium, heroin invention some products are beginning to be consumed in a hedonistic pleasure-seeking purpose generally in artistic or scientific circles but also in popular media (opium derivatives for British workers in particular). This practice had already been observed in eighteenth century China with opium which caused the opium Wars.
In 1950s, the decline of a century of research and developments in psychology differentiate physical dependence (previously treated as only one visible manifestation of problem) and psychological dependence (implicated in relapse despite withdrawal). This distinction is sometimes difficult to establish clinically.
A medical comparison of dependence potential and the possibility of physical harm through the use of dissimilar drugs are shown to right. Use, distribution or storage of a large number of drugs are banned in most countries, and using those substances risk being prosecuted by the authorities. If users must obtain drugs illegally, the economic consequences of regular use be significant.
In psychiatry, according to old formulations (late nineteenth century), substance abuse disorder testify deep personality derived from original defects often associated with other perversions8. Pedagogical assumptions are based on educational factors. Thus, a "deficiency syndrome authority" is the cause of psychological disorders including a deep insecurity that would immaturity.
From the 1990s, the phenomenon of poly exploding, especially in Western countries as globalization linked to drug trafficking spreads the drug problem in initially producing countries. There is a concept of socio-cultural tolerance, that in a country where a substance is produced and therefore usually eaten traditionally, a state of relative equilibrium is established between this substance and users. This product is embedded in a social ritual, religious or mystical.
Numerous global authors agree more to that drug abuse and alcoholism are the consequences of bipolar disorder, not disease by, explaining that many addicts are found to respond positively to criteria bipolar disorder and numerous bipolar recount abuse or alcohol). Other authors emphasize the fact that in majority of drug users, there are bipolar symptoms before the first consumption of drugs and alcohol. This diagnostic hypothesis could explain difficulty of adherence and relapse despite constant cures.
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